Time to Think About Snow and Outdoor Winter Safety

Parents have the choice of either complaining about the cold weather or going out and enjoying it. Making snow angels and building snowmen is a great way to spend time with your children and create lasting memories.

snow safety

Engaging in outdoor activities such as skiing, sledding and skating are also great ways to ensure you and your children get enough exercise during the winter months.

Before you and your child venture out in the snow, realize that winter has its own risks and there are certain precautions you should take to insure your child’s safety:

• Use a helmet Bodies in motion require protection in case that motion stops unexpectedly. Head injuries are the most serious preventable accident on the ski slopes, snowmobile trails and sledding hills. Over the past decade, skiing accidents have caused 34 deaths per year in the U.S. Wearing an approved helmet can reduce your child’s risk of irreversible injury should they lose control on the slopes. Helmets come in many shapes, sizes and styles, however, all are a cost-effective way to protect your child.
• Layer clothing According to the National Ski Patrol safety guidelines, your goal while skiing, snowboarding or enjoying outdoor winter pursuits is to stay warm and dry. By dressing in multiple lightweight layers, you can shed or add clothing as conditions change. Layering includes three components: an inner layer that draws moisture away from the body, a middle insulating layer and an outer shell. Look for high-quality fabrics that “breathe (natural fibers such as cotton and wool retain moisture) and are versatile enough to adapt to changes in weather and activities.
• Avoid hidden dangers For those less adventurous, sledding may be as close as your neighborhood park.
• Supervise your children while sledding. Choose open areas free from the hazards of trees, roads, ponds or creeks. Teach your children to be aware of other people who are sledding and avoid crashing into each other. If you or your child lose control of your sled, be sure to roll off the sled into the snow. Do not try to steer around obstacles.
• Protect from frostbite Cold injuries come in many forms. Frostbite can occur when unprotected skin is exposed to a wind chill of -25 degrees Fahrenheit for as little as two minutes. The first signs of impending frostbite are redness and a burning sensation in the area. This is replaced by “numbness” as the deeper layers of skin are affected.
• Prevention is the first goal. Put on those hats and gloves. Protect your feet from getting wet by wearing boots. If you think your child may have frostbite gently re-warm the area with lukewarm water. Avoid rubbing since that can cause further skin damage. Color and warmth should return to the area within 20 minutes otherwise seek medical attention.
• Wear sun protection Sun rays reflecting off the snow can be almost blinding at times, even on cloudy days. It is important to use sunscreen and carry sunglasses and goggles with you at all times. Outdoor activities are more enjoyable when you can see.
• Drink plenty of water During any activity, especially outdoors, be careful not to become dehydrated. Pack plenty of water and snacks to help reenergize while having fun in the snow.
• Know your limits If you or your child begins to feel fatigued, stop immediately and rest. Listen to your body signals. Be sure to stay in control. Take the time to learn how to ski and snowboard properly. You will have more fun if you are confident in your skills and prepared for changing conditions.

Always be respectful of Mother Nature. Remember that 60 percent of heat loss occurs through the head. Bring a hat or headband along with mittens and gloves for cold hands. You may not be able to change the weather but you can improve your child’s safety while enjoying the cold and snow.

Dr. Herendeen is the director of the Strong Pediatric Practice at Golisano Children’s Hospital and pediatric advisor to the 292-BABY